React - Render UI with React

10/8/2017

Intro

React elements: JavaScript objects
React elements -> DOM nodes
React components: custom elements

Creating Elements and JSX

`React.createElement`

React.createElement(type, props, content);

Creates a single React element of particular type.
type
- string (<div>, <span>)
- React component
props
- null
- An object of HTML attributes and custom data about the element
content
- null
- String
- React element
- React component

Example - basic

import React from 'react';
import ReactDOM from 'react-dom';
 
const element = React.createElement(
  'div',
  { className: 'welcome-message' },
  React.createElement('strong', null, 'hello world')
);
 
ReactDOM.render(element, document.getElementById('root'));

Apps built with React have a single root DOM node.
element is inserted into the root DOM node.

Example - dynamic list

import React from 'react';
import ReactDOM from 'react-dom';
 
const people = [{ name: 'Michael' }, { name: 'Ryan' }, { name: 'Tyler' }];
 
const element = React.createElement(
  'ol',
  null,
  people.map((person, index) =>
    React.createElement('li', { key: person.name, id: index }, person.name)
  )
);
 
ReactDOM.render(element, document.getElementById('root'));

A unique key prop is needed when defining a list. key helps React track specific child elements as the state changes in the app.

JSX

A syntax extention to React.createElement.
JSX is compiled to JavaScript.
JSX returns a single element as well.

Example

import React from 'react';
import ReactDOM from 'react-dom';
 
const people = [{ name: 'Michael' }, { name: 'Ryan' }, { name: 'Tyler' }];
 
const element = (
  <ol>
    {people.map((person, index) => (
      <li id={index} key={person.name}>
        {person.name}
      </li>
    ))}
  </ol>
);
 
ReactDOM.render(element, document.getElementById('root'));

React component

Reusable pieces of code that groups React elements together.
Factory to create React elements.
Component should have
- Clear responsibilities.
- Well-defined interfaces.
Required method: render.

Example

import React from 'react';
import ReactDOM from 'react-dom';
 
class ContactList extends React.Component {
  render() {
    const people = [{ name: 'Michael' }, { name: 'Ryan' }, { name: 'Tyler' }];
 
    const element = (
      <ol>
        {people.map((person, index) => (
          <li id={index} key={person.name}>
            {person.name}
          </li>
        ))}
      </ol>
    );
  }
}
 
ReactDOM.render(<ContactList />, document.getElementById('root'));
 
// Use the following import statement to simplify component declaration:
//   import React, { Component } from 'react'
//   class ContactList extends Component

Create React App

Webpack bundles all assets (JavaScript files, CSS, images, etc).
Babel transpiles JSX to JavaScript.
create-react-app manages all the above setup.

npm install -g create-react-app
## -g: install globally
 
create-react-app <app>
## installs react, react-dom and react-scripts
## creates the app
 
cd <app>/
yarn start
## package manager by facebook

Edit App.js file.
index.js reads in App.js and renders it.

Composing with Components

Component composition
- Reuse components
- Allow different configuration of components

class ContactList extends Component {
  render() {
    const people = this.props.contacts;
 
    // ...
  }
}
 
class App extends Component {
  render() {
    return (
      <div className="App">
        <ContactList contacts={[{ name: 'Michael' }, { name: 'Ryan' }, { name: 'Tyler' }]} />
 
        <ContactList contacts={[{ name: 'Amanda' }, { name: 'Richard' }, { name: 'Geoff' }]} />
      </div>
    );
  }
}

Outro

JSX uses JavaScript to describe UI elements.
React components group UI elements, and can be composed together.
create-react-app

读书笔记：如何高效学习（Learn More, Study Less）React - Why React?